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General Practitoner's Section
 
Three Causes of Albumin in Urine Associated with Anaemia in Male Patients
OP Kapoor
 
 

The following are the three causes of albumin in urine associated with anaemia in a male patient.

  1. In the past, I have often stressed that if a male patient is found to have albumin in the urine and anaemia (on blood smear), my first diagnosis is CRF (Chronic Renal Failure). The aetiology will have to be worked out.
  2. Connective tissue disorders like SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythymatosus), polyarteritis nodosa and others.
  3. Multiple Myeloma.
I have mentioned the word ‘male’, although these conditions also apply to female patients. Unfortunately many of our Indian female patients have anaemia and those who have leucorrhoea, often show a trace of albumin in urine.
 
Ex. Hon. Physician, Jaslok Hospital and Bombay Hospital, Mumbai, Ex. Hon. Prof. of Medicine, Grant Medical College and JJ Hospital, Mumbai 400 008
 
 

CEREBRAL EMBOLI ARE LINKED WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND VASCULAR DEMENTIA

Spontaneous cerebral emboli are significantly associated with both Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia and may be involved in the pathophysiology of both conditions. Purandare and colleagues compared the occurrence of spontaneous cerebral emboli and venous to arterial circulation shunts in 170 patients with dementia (Alzheimer's disease or vascular dementia) and 150 controls. They found significant odds ratios for spontaneous cerebral emboli of 2.70 and 5.36 for Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia, and non-significant odds ratios for venous to arterial circulation shunts. Cerebral emboli may represent a preventable and treatable cause of both types of dementia, say the authors.

BMJ, 2006; 332 : 1119.
 
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